If you can hook up that drive via SATA or IDE directly to your motherboard then the Jellybean program should be able to see it and scan it for the info you want. Not sure if it can see it through the USB connection but would be worth a try since it's free.

https://www.magicaljellybean.com/keyfinder/

If the laptop was bootable with that older drive then you could also put it back in and run Jellybean there.