Can you also confirm that the USB 3 GEN 2 (10 Gbps) is faster than SATA III (6 Gbps)?
USB 3.2 Gen 2 is CAPABLE of faster speeds, but it depends on the devices connected to it.

If you're using a SATA SSD, then getting a USB 3.2 Gen 2 card wouldn't make much difference. You'd need an NVME based SSD. Something like this:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08GV9M64L...ding=UTF8&th=1

There aren't many USB4 devices available right now, so it's not practical right now.

Last, is all USB above speed of 10 Gbps use USB Type C interface?
Yes.