When I transfer the same .psd files to a folder in my tower, I don’t see the PSD icon, just a basic Windows icon yet it is a .psd icon in properties.
Are psd files associated with Photoshop on your desktop?
If you create a psd on the tower and transfer it to the laptop, do you have the same problem?

Did you try uninstalling and reinstalling PS CS6? Did you check for updates on the Adobe website?
http://www.adobe.com/support/downloa...atform=Windows

Sorry, I don't use Lightroom, so not sure about that.