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Jaak, I can always count on you to hand out alot of reading. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/ https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
Train, Trying to catch up on Emails this morning and yours are "interesting". https://discussions.virtualdr.com/ https://discussions.virtualdr.com/ https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
Still trying to get the time to work on indexing the Delta threads. Slow going at the moment but it is needed so a person can find what they need more quickly.
We will start our "Weekly Subjects" with surge protection (how you can protect your computer from outside disruptions). And what better way to start than with a question.
What is an electrical spike and how can it affect my computer?
As always your comments and questions are welcome and more than that needed so others can see what worked for you and others may have an answer to your questions. ::
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[This message has been edited by greengoose1 (edited 05-27-2001).]
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Spike - A large momentary increase in the amount of voltage or amperage supplied to the circuitry.
Surge - An unusually large increase in power coming into the circuit. ex: Lighting
With a supply of 120V the powersupply outputs 12V and 3V. But with a spike of 240v it outputs 24V and 6V which will fry a motherboard and other components in a computer.
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What are the causes of surges and spikes. How can I protect myself from them?
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What causes
A very good and informative link on spikes, surges and protection
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Train, I did not realize that lightning between clouds could cause problems. In fact there's several things I learned from those articles.
While we're at it what about the input phone line or cable connection. What should be looked out for there?
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hi,
A laymans understanding of spikes and brownouts.
coils and motors, and electric appareil in general, where a current is flowing thru, well, the current want to KEEP flowing.
when the circuit breaker (switch) opens, this manifests itself by a spark
(where coils are involved, the spark can be very HIGH voltage)
ref; sparkplugs in mopeds etc, where the spark was formed by opening the contact points.
when that happens, the circuit the thing is on gets a spike
brownouts/powerdips with low voltage
I was told that in motors, extended use under too LOW voltage can cause overheating because the amp climbs.
when a heavy machine is powering up, the nearby circuitry may suffer a dip
in puters, the machine may go into suspend, and not be able to get out because the +5Vsb ain't up to it, or the flipflop did not flop
(its a thing I do not understand all too well. I am a mechanic, no electronics guy)
oh, believe it or not, but I did add a bit of my links to megabrain's article :-)
erm, I had a few more intel links
Once one learns to navigate intel's site, you find TONS of info.
the links to cpuid and the german CT tools are cool
CT magazine has great tools https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
since this is about helping people, I can just as well put some more handy links and tips in here.
Hmmm, I feel wrung dry https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
Oh, I hear Jimmy Hendrixx is on the radio, perks me UP
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VIDEOCARD DETECT
If you cannot identify your video card, you can run the following without opening the case to get an idea of the manufacturer and make:
1. From a DOS prompt, Win 3.x, Win9x, WinNT, or Win2K command prompt type DEBUG and press Enter.
2. A single dash will appear at which point type DC000:35 and then press Enter (DC000:50 may also work for newer cards).
3. You may need to type D at the second dash and press Enter for all of the information to appear.
You can type D more than once to see more info appear.
4. Q to exit
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MEMORY TESTERS
unlimitedhardware
arstechnica
memorykings
simmtester
chipmunk
dimm_id.zip
vml Download
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more intel links
Processor codes http://developer.intel.com/design/pc...sors/index.htm
Intel(R) Celeron(TM) Processor Specification Update: http://support.intel.com/design/cele...pdt/243748.htm
Pentium II Processor Specification Update: http://support.intel.com/design/pent...pdt/243337.htm
Pentium® II Processor Sspec Information http://www.intel.com/support/processors/sspec/p2p.htm
Pentium® III Processor Sspec Information http://support.intel.com/support/pro.../sspec/p3p.htm
Pentium(R) III Processor Specification Update, http://support.intel.com/design/pent...pdt/244453.htm
processor table http://support.intel.com/design/Pent...dbref/#product
CPU model number; The Intel PIII product codes are located here: http://support.intel.com/support/pro...iumiii/poc.htm
F=100 fsb, fc-pga
C=133 fsb, fc-pga
H=100 fsb, slot 1
U=133 fsb, slot 1
What if you are equipped with PC100 sdram modules.
if you upgrade the CPU to an EB, you would need other sticks of ram, or need be able to run sdram-clock at clock 133 minus 33 or at four/fifths (some boards can do this...)
you gotta check on this before you sell your old cpu and fork out for a new one.
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how do i fit a heatsink onto the MOBO? I have some problem pressing down the metal lever and the worst thing is that while I am doing it, all the thermal paste stick onto the Pentium.. Is it alright?
You only need apply a THIN layer. http://support.intel.com/support/pro...eleron/s2s.htm
http://developer.intel.com/design/Qu...iii/FC-PGA.pdf
when I first needed do this sorta job, I came up with an idea for a cheap and handy tool.
Salvage an old blunt broadblade fine srewdriver, and put a file to it to make a nice rectangular indentation into the head. It won't easily slip off when you use it as a lever to get clips off the socket
I can recommend this to anyone. you need still be careful, but won't scratch the mobo as easily when the tip don't slip off as easily as it did before you made this indent in the tip.
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ftp://download.intel.com/design/motherbd/
ftp://download.intel.com/design/motherbd/oem/70258701.pdf
ftp://download.intel.nl/support/processors/manuals/fcpgaman1.pdf
http://www.intel.com/support/motherb...erboards.htm#3
http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/bios.htm
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CPU COOLING
When load on CPU increases, and temperature climbs, and after a while sound/video starts to stutter.….
And hell, It may even reboot right into bios…..
Well, if any of that happens, I suggest you look at CPU cooling.
about heat problems.
Just remember that when I mention thermal interface, I mean the connecting surfaces of cooler and CPU. The coolerplate sometimes does not fully connect, which you can see when you hold it against light and look between cooler and cpu.
If you need to pull out the CPU assembly to look into this matter, be sure to remove POWERCORD. If a bunch of ribbon/cables are blocking air from the CPU fan, try moving them out of harms way. Adding a second system fan can do a lot of good. Used wisely, it creates a cross flow thru the case, and graphics card and CPU will benefit.
One way of deducing if the cooler is properly attached and gets proper thermal connection is quite simple. If you boot into bios and look at CPU temp, it should stay below 36 to 38C.
Then you boot into the OS and play a demanding game for a while, or do some heavy number cruching, Kill the app, and immediately shut off/reboot into bios where you again check CPU temp.
If you see temps of over 55C, and not dropping rapidly to below 40C, you may have to look at the thermal interface.
apply a thin film of thermal compound, and when you put the coolerplate back on you instantly feel if the connect is good as it kinda sticks. If not, you may have some wrong type of hardware installed in the assembly (been known to happen) preventing the surfaces to fully connect.
As an aside, I am kinda annoyed when I see OEM Flipchips come with stickers on the chip. for example, one paper sticker (covering half o/t chip and applied over the smaller sticker) and one small white plasticky sticker with SN (Bang in centre of chip, covering about one third). The smaller one says warranty void if removed, but they'd sure interfere with cooling since the chip and coolerplate surfaces would not completely connect. When I installed them OEMs, I peeled them clean and put them stickers where they do no harm. My vendor agrees that their placement is quite stupid, and agreed to my moving them. (thus I keep warranty)
It's quite another story on INTEL Boxed solutions, because the tape seen on the cooler is a thermal pad. (the intel boxed assemblies' warranty is MUCH better)
Also, avoid slotket solutions with OEM chips....
http://support.intel.com/support/pro...ii/thermal.htm
ftp://download.intel.nl/support/processors/manuals/fcpgaman1.pdf
ftp://download.intel.nl/design/pentiumiii/applnots/24508701.pdf
http://www.intel.com/support/motherboards/bios.htm
http://www.intel.com/pressroom/kits/...reffam.htm#III
archive bioses ftp://download.intel.com/design/motherbd/
motherboard list http://www.intel.com/support/motherb...erboards.htm#3
about multiprocessor platforms
one word of advice, get the same stepping CPU
or CPU with compatible stepping (same is best) I am saying this because same speed CPU do not nessecarily have same stepping. ask advice at intel or DL this specification table
ftp://download.intel.com/design/PentiumIII/specupdt/24445322.pdf
you ought to be able to find these spec tables for Xeon too
http://developer.intel.com/design/pe...xeon/prodbref/
XEON specs at
ftp://download.intel.com/design/PentiumIII/xeon/specupdt/24446021.pdf
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We can only learn when you tell us what worked. So Please bookmark your topic, and let us know?
You'll help someone with a similar problem when you do.
Kind regards, Jaak
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Jaak, as always in depth info. I always save your posts to a JTDoom directory so I can go back and digest what you have written. The question was something about causes of a surge in a telephone line and this post was an example of a good surge. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
For those of you that might want to save a post, hightlight it, right click on your mouse and in the dialog box that comes up click on copy. Then open MSWord, right click on mouse and in the dialog box click on paste. Then save and put in whatever file in My Documents. You can build a good library of info that way and as Nick Grana says - Back It Up, Back It Up.
Still need more info regarding input surges on phone lines. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
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Modem and Phone Line Protection
Network, Data and Signal Line Protection
As we see from what has been covered, this is a complex subject, and to protect our equipment, we will need to spend $40 or more to do it properly.
Here is some more on surge protection.If the responce time of you suppressor in 5 nanoseconds or more [posted either on box or website] it is to slow to be effective. Replace it with one that a responce time of 1 nanosecond or less.
The amount of electricity that gets through [let through factor ] should be 330 volts or less. Look for a rating of a least 300joules [higher is better yet].
Cost is about $40. That is the downturn of those good ratings. Just so you know
So if your suppressor cost you less than $20, it probably will not shield you from power glitches.
A UPS protects you from from surges and WITH its built-in battery , from dips in power.
EDIT: Need to add that when you are shopping that you can get suppressors and UPS that have the net and phone line protection built in.
I have been unable to find anything, or seen anything , that can protect you from a close/direct lightning strike. Sad to say.
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[This message has been edited by Train (edited 05-27-2001).]
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Computer crashed and just got it back up. Give me a chance to catch on what's been going on. I see there is quite a bit of info to digest on the subject of surge protection. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
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Hi, guys! Hope you are having a wonderful weekend. You ask why more people are not chiming in. I can tell you. I'm sure you are all very nice, intelligent people, but I (and I imagine a LOT of others) have no idea what the heck you are talking about. Reading this Operation Delta thing is like reading a CIA memo that's been 80% blacked out. It's like overhearing a couple of back-fence neighbors talk about another conversation they previously had already. They're talking about a wedding but never mention who what where or why because they already know the particulars. Anybody esle listening just can't follow. And all those links to OD1, OD2, OD3, etc. are the same. Sorry, but that is my opinion. Hope everything works out for you. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
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Hi billmanhart, This is what we are dealing with at the moment.
Still trying to get the time to work on indexing the Delta threads. Slow going at the moment but it is needed so a person can find what they need more quickly.
We will start our "Weekly Subjects" with surge protection (how you can protect your computer from outside disruptions). And what better way to start than with a question.
What is an electrical spike and how can it affect my computer?
Thanks for your comments. We are trying different things to see what works the best as we go along. If you reread the last part of page 2 and this page you will find a lot of info on surge protection that a lot of people have not seen which in turn allows the installing of safety measures. Hope this helps. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
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Train made some good points in protecting the system from spikes. (We're talking about low to medium spikes here...) Look for a computer grade power strip--the higher joule rating the better (usually advertised right on the box). (Of course, this is not to be confused with "royal" or "family" joules--which also should be protected at all costs).
A good setup is a Universal Power Supply (UPS) plugged into a good power strip; the strip plugged into the outlet. An additional power strip can be plugged into the primary strip or UPS for running any other power requirements such as speakers, etc.). The UPS can protect against brownouts, blackouts and mild spikes so you don't lose any data--gives you a few minutes to save and shut down.
However, as Train said, there's nothing out there that will protect against a lightning strike. Ever see a tree or a power transformer that's been hit? https://discussions.virtualdr.com/ The best protection there is to keep a watch on the weather. When the big booms from sky are starting--unplug everything and wait it out. And make real sure the modem is unplugged. Some people forget about the modem line and it fries.
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GG1,
First, a question. These threads aren't going to continue to be called OD are they? If so, I think that's a bad idea. Hoepfully they will have a more desciptive title, related to the topic (sub-topic) being dealt with.
Billmanhart makes a good point. These posts have to be geared to the novice, and easy to follow. Son-of-OD is not going to be something that attracts the heavy weight techie (nor did I get the impression it was suppose to). The audience is largely beginners, whether the contributors all are or not. I think this needs to be kept in mind in the discussions, information put forth, terms and jargon used. People should be given a "basis" of information. Too much info can be more than people want, more than they need, more than they can handle. If they get overloaded then they will tune out.
So is indeed the first topic power protection? That may be as good as any (as long as we don't try to turn people in to instant EEs). And since it's a short week...
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DrMDJ, Thanks for adding your comments. We are discussing surge protection this week as we attempt to improve what we have. You are right in that we should gear this to beginners with comments questions and answers geared to that level and can always go deeper if need be.
We can certainly have a new title fitting what we are doing.
Apparently, you have done some thinking on this and would you please expand on the direction you are going for the rest of us.
Please remember we are going to go in a new direction whose goal is to help any member in understanding hardware as it pertains to personal Computers.
With this in mind, could we have some more input from some of the rest of you. This should be a product of members for members and you that have greater experience please make your thoughts known to help in this effort.
And thanks to all of you that have made comments so far. https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
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[This message has been edited by greengoose1 (edited 05-28-2001).]
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Hi
I think you will sometimes need a summary done, and trust me, it takes time and a fellow member who is at least familiar with the subject to do it
(so as to make a consistent summary) to do it
I'll be hanging around on and off, as I really need do a lot of DIY chores and even some MAJOR jobs at home.
but I'll hop over more often.
that I promise
hmm, I am NOT an expert.
I love to tinker, tho.
https://discussions.virtualdr.com/
