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active all the time your computer is switched on. In this way, software doesn't have to talk to a device directly, but can call a BIOS routine to do the job instead. However, these days the BIOS is often bypassed by 32-bit software - in fact, there are moves afoot to place its functions into the operating system, starting with Power Management (see ACPI).
For the moment, though, the BIOS will work in conjunction with the chipset, which is really what manages access to system resources such as memory, cache and the data buses...
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